彩涂基板钢材种类小知识

天物彩板专注彩涂卷行业17年——彩涂基板钢材种类小知识_彩钢板什么牌子的质量好请拨打网站上方电话咨询

在选用国产彩涂钢板时，用户对钢材的种类认识模糊。目前，国内大多数彩涂钢板生产商只有一个钢种，即dc51（因为他们购买的热轧板或硬卷基本上是一个钢种）。一些拥有热浸镀锌生产线的彩涂钢板制造商试图通过热浸镀锌退火生产所有硬钢（S550）或高强度钢（S350等），但这非常困难，因为它们对基材质量影响很大，化学成分无法控制。因此，质量稳定性差，稳定性差导致性能波动大，从而导致压型钢板劣化。

对于建筑物而言，承载重量（风荷载、雪荷载、施工人员和机械）、建筑跨度和檩条距离的设计均取决于钢板的强度。对于建筑维护结构用彩色涂层和镀铝锌板，国外有相应的标准。例如，美国的astm653和astm792，日本的jisg3302和jisg3321，欧洲的en10215和en10147等。
根据钢材类型分为CQ（普通商用级）、DQ（通用冲压）、HSS（高强度结构钢）和FH（全硬钢）。
CQ（普通商业级）：目前使用的最常见的钢材类型。涂装前的屈服强度在260-320mpa之间。彩色涂层后，如果基体为铝镇静钢，则最终强度会提高，同时伸长率也会下降。该钢的抗拉强度在350-400mpa之间，屈服比略高于结构钢。
DQ（一般冲压）：由于一般建筑用彩板为卷制或复合夹芯，对材料的冲压性能要求不高，因此很少用于建筑领域（部分门窗彩板除外）。
HSS（高强度结构钢）：根据欧洲标准，HSS可分为4-5种不同强度的钢。然而，由于普通CQ级材料可以替代低强度的HSS钢，因此市场上广泛使用屈服强度为280mpa和345mpa的钢。与普通CQ相比，HSS钢具有以下优点：1。由于屈服强度低，该钢具有良好的耐火性和抗震性；2.对于较厚的钢板，可制造大跨度拱形板；3.对于一般外墙和屋面板，可适当比CQ材料薄，以节省材料消耗。
FH（全硬钢）：是一种通过控制退火温度来提高钢板屈服强度的钢。根据国际通用标准，屈服强度为≥ 550MPa，抗拉强度为≥ 570Mpa。这种材料强度高，伸长率低。适用于浅板形钢板的成型，大大节省了材料的使用。它也是一种各国渴望研发的钢材。国外标准中也描述了具有高强度和良好延伸率的材料。低合金高强度合金（HSLA）用于炼钢中添加强化合金元素，但由于其强度高，在钢铁厂进行。轧制时，增加压下率是有限的。因此，HSLA钢很少用作薄彩色涂层板作为外壳结构（另一个缺点是成本高）。
为了保证彩涂钢板最终产品的形状，钢板的强度等级、压型钢板的形状和加工机械密切相关。

In the selection of domestic color coated steel plates, users have a vague understanding of the types of steel. At present, most domestic color coated steel plate manufacturers have only one steel grade, that is dc51 (because the hot-rolled plate or hard rolled coil they purchase is basically one steel grade). Some color coated steel plate manufacturers with hot-dip galvanizing production lines try to produce all hard steel (S550) or high-strength steel (S350, etc.) through hot-dip galvanizing annealing, but it is very difficult because they have great influence on the quality of substrate The chemical composition cannot be controlled. Therefore, the quality stability is poor, and the poor stability leads to large performance fluctuation, which will lead to the deterioration of profiled plate.

For buildings, the bearing weight (wind load, snow load, construction personnel and machinery), the design of building span and purlin distance all depend on the strength of steel plates. For color coated and aluminized zinc plates for building maintenance structures, there are corresponding standards abroad. For example, astm653 and astm792 in the United States, jisg3302 and jisg3321 in Japan, en10215 and en10147 in Europe, etc.
It is divided into CQ (ordinary commercial grade), DQ (general stamping), HSS (high strength structural steel) and FH (all hard steel) according to the steel type.
CQ (ordinary commercial grade): the most common type of steel used now. Its yield strength before painting is between 260-320mpa. After color coating, if the substrate is aluminum killed steel, the final strength will be improved, accompanied by the deterioration of elongation. The tensile strength of this steel is between 350-400mpa, and its yield ratio is slightly higher than that of structural steel.
DQ (for general stamping): because the color plates for general construction are roll formed or composite sandwich, the requirements for the stamping performance of materials are not high, so they are rarely used in the construction field (except for some color plates for doors and windows).
HSS (high strength structural steel): HSS can be divided into 4-5 kinds of steel with different strength according to the European standard. However, since ordinary CQ grade materials can replace HSS steel with low strength, steel with yield strength of 280mpa and 345mpa are widely used in the market. Compared with ordinary CQ, HSS steel has several advantages: 1. Due to its low yield strength, this steel has good fire resistance and earthquake resistance; 2. For thicker steel plates, it can manufacture large-span arch plates; 3. For general exterior walls and roof panels, it can be appropriately thinner than CQ materials, so as to save material consumption.
FH (all hard steel): it is a kind of steel that improves the yield strength of steel plate by controlling the annealing temperature. According to the international general standard, the yield strength is ≥ 550MPa and the tensile strength is ≥ 570Mpa. This kind of material has high strength and low elongation. It is suitable for forming steel plates with shallow plate shape, which greatly saves the use of materials. It is also a kind of steel that countries are eager to research and develop. Materials with high strength and good elongation are also described in foreign standards. HSLA (low alloy high strength) is used to add strengthening alloy elements in steelmaking, but it is carried out in iron and steel plant due to its high strength. When rolling, increasing the reduction rate is limited. Therefore, HSLA steel is rarely used as the thin color coated plate as the enclosure structure (another disadvantage is the high cost).
In order to ensure the shape of the final product of color coated steel plate, the strength grade of steel plate, the shape of profiled steel plate and processing machine are closely related.