工业铝板在机械制造业的应用

工业铝板的熔点低，铸造性能好。铝的机械性能与其纯度密切相关。工业铝板的强度较低，但由铝和某些合金元素组成的铝合金不仅在一定程度上保留了铝的固有特性，而且显著提高了其硬度和强度。当工业铝板某些铝合金用作结构材料时，其强度可超过一般结构钢；当其它铝合金用作模具材料时，其使用寿命可超过一般模具钢。

铝及各种铝合金具有优异的延展性，可进行多种塑性加工。任何一种铝合金的可加工性都优于钢和纯铝，但各种变形铝合金的可加工性与铸造铝合金有很大的不同。工业铝板及铝合金是最容易成形的金属材料之一，但铝合金的化学成分、牌号及热处理工艺对其允许变形有很大的影响。由于铝合金的机械强度和加工硬化率较低，其成形性能与其它金属不同。
铝板广泛应用于机械制造业，用于制造车轮、滑轮、离心机、风扇、起重机和泵零件、活塞和发动机气缸，以及铝板冲压件。这是由于铝及铝合金的特性，不仅密度低，而且具有所需的强度和硬度，可以降低机械操作的能耗，或在使用相同能量的情况下大大提高操作速度，也相对了零件的使用寿命。同时，整机重量和尺寸减小后，更适合生产、运输、安装和操作。

Aluminum has low melting point and good casting property. The mechanical properties of aluminum are closely related to its purity. The strength of industrial aluminum plate is low, but the aluminum alloy composed of aluminum and some alloy elements not only retains the inherent characteristics of aluminum to some extent, but also significantly improves its hardness and strength. When some aluminum alloys are used as structural materials, their strength can exceed that of general structural steels; When other aluminum alloys are used as die materials, their service life can exceed that of general die steel. Aluminum and a variety of aluminum alloys have excellent ductility, can carry out a variety of plastic processing. The machinability of any kind of aluminum alloy is better than that of steel and pure aluminum, but the machinability of various wrought aluminum alloys is quite different from that of cast aluminum alloys. Aluminum and aluminum alloy are one of the most easily formed metal materials, but the allowable deformation of aluminum alloy is affected by its chemical composition, grade and heat treatment. Due to the low mechanical strength and work hardening rate, the formability of aluminum alloy is different from other metals.

Aluminum plate is widely used in machinery manufacturing industry to manufacture wheels, pulleys, centrifuges, fans, crane and pump parts, pistons and engine cylinders, as well as aluminum plate stamping parts. This is due to the characteristics of aluminum and aluminum alloy, not only low density, but also have the required strength and hardness, which can reduce the energy consumption in mechanical operation, or greatly improve the operation speed under the condition of using the same energy, and also relatively prolong the service life of the parts. At the same time, after the weight and size of the whole machine are reduced, it is more suitable for production, transportation, installation and operation.