宝钢高强彩钢板技术及使用规范

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高强度钢是彩钢产品的发展趋势之一。目前，国外使用的350强度彩涂钢板越来越多。生产这种强度钢板通常有两种工艺。一是选用碳锰钢，在炼钢中选用C、Mn等强化元素，利用较强的热轧和冷轧能力生产相对薄的高强度彩涂钢板。如宝钢等国内外全过程钢厂（矿石转产品）都选择了这样的生产技术。另一种方法是降低热镀锌机组的退火温度，使其不完全退火，同时也节省一些硬轧状态，提高强度。目前，国内大多数镀锌厂和彩涂厂都选择了这一技术，因为它们没有炼钢工艺，市场上也没有相应的高强度钢来采购热轧钢卷或热轧板。

但这样做会带来三大危害：

① 由于退火温度的降低和带钢宽度的温度不平衡，退火温度位于钢板临界再结晶温度附近，导致钢板宽度方向的带钢强度严重不均匀，加工后板形难以保证。
② 退火温度的降低必然会导致清洗效果不佳，因为表面的细氧化需要在高温的回收气体中回收，从而对热镀锌层的附着力产生不利影响。
③ 当退火温度降低时，屈服强度有所提高，但抗拉强度不会相应增加，导致数据屈服强度比增加，对数据的加工成形性、抗震性和防火性有较大影响。如降低退火温度生产的高强度钢在火灾时强度大大降低，严重影响建筑物的耐火等级。
High strength steel is one of the development trends of color steel products. At present, more and more 350 strength color coated steel plates are used abroad. There are usually two processes for producing this kind of strength steel plate. The first is to select carbon manganese steel, choose C, Mn and other strengthening elements in steel-making, and use of strong hot rolling and cold rolling capacity to produce relatively thin high-strength color coated steel plate. For example, Baosteel and other domestic and foreign steel plants (ore to product) have chosen such production technology. Another method is to reduce the annealing temperature of the hot-dip galvanizing line so that it can not be fully annealed, but also save some hard rolling state and improve the strength. At present, most domestic galvanizing plants and color coating plants have chosen this technology, because they do not have steel-making process, and there is no corresponding high-strength steel in the market to purchase hot-rolled coil or hot-rolled plate.
But there are three dangers:
① Due to the decrease of annealing temperature and the temperature imbalance of strip width, the annealing temperature is near the critical recrystallization temperature of the steel plate, which leads to the serious inhomogeneity of strip strength in the width direction of the steel plate, and the shape of the processed strip is difficult to be guaranteed.
② The reduction of annealing temperature will inevitably lead to poor cleaning effect, because the fine oxidation of the surface needs to be recovered in the high temperature recovery gas, which has a negative impact on the adhesion of the hot-dip galvanized layer.
③ When the annealing temperature decreases, the yield strength increases, but the tensile strength does not increase correspondingly, resulting in the increase of the yield strength ratio of the data, which has a great impact on the processing formability, seismic resistance and fire resistance of the data. For example, the strength of high-strength steel produced by reducing annealing temperature is greatly reduced in case of fire, which seriously affects the fire resistance rating of buildings.